What is Orthopedic Deformity Correction?
Orthopedic deformity correction addresses structural abnormalities in the bones and joints of various body parts, such as the legs, arms, and spine, caused by bone misalignment.
Deformities can be:
- Congenital (present from birth due to inherited traits or developmental issues)
- Acquired (resulting from injuries, neurological conditions, muscular imbalances, infections, or other conditions)
Deformity correction aims to restore normal alignment and function, either surgically or through non-surgical methods.
Indications for Deformity Correction
Orthopedic deformity correction may be recommended for individuals experiencing:
- Difficulty walking or an unusual gait pattern
- Balance issues or signs of physical disability
- Persistent pain in affected areas
- Thickened skin (calluses) and pressure sores
- Inflammation in the affected joints or bones
- Pain extending to other areas, such as knees, hips, back, and neck
Preparing for the Procedure
To prepare you for a deformity correction procedure, your surgeon may:
- Assess your overall health and review medical conditions with necessary tests
- Advise changes to medication dosage or timing if needed
- Recommend a dental check-up to treat potential sources of infection
- Suggest that you arrange transportation home after surgery
- Instruct you to avoid eating or drinking a few hours before the operation
Procedure for Deformity Correction
For mild deformities, non-surgical options are often effective and may include:
- Physical therapy
- Orthoses (splints, braces, or other supportive devices)
- Special footwear
- Medication to manage pain or inflammation
For severe deformities, surgical correction—commonly known as an osteotomy—may be necessary. The procedure is usually performed under general or regional anesthesia.
During the procedure:
- A small incision is made near the affected area.
- Bone wedges, excess bone, and soft tissue may be reshaped or removed.
- Bones are realigned, and soft tissues, tendons, or ligaments are adjusted as needed.
- Stabilizing devices like wires, pins, or plates hold the bones in place.
- The incision is closed with stitches, and a dressing or bandage is applied.
Postoperative Care
After the surgery, your recovery plan will include:
- Following postoperative instructions closely
- Limiting weight-bearing on the affected limb
- Regular follow-up appointments to monitor healing
- Using a splint, cast, brace, or special shoes to stabilize the area and aid recovery
Benefits of Deformity Correction
Key benefits include:
- Minimally invasive options
- Improved alignment and functionality of the affected body part
- Enhanced mobility and stability
- Better overall appearance
- Pain relief and improved gait or posture
Risks Associated with the Procedure
As with any surgical intervention, risks include:
- Infection, swelling, or stiffness
- Hematoma (bleeding under the skin)
- Delayed or poor healing
- Blood clots
- Nerve injury or numbness
- Restricted joint movement
- Shortening of the affected limb
- Potential for arthritis over time
- Risk of additional surgeries for non- or malunion
